Aspirating smoke detection (ASD) systems are quite different from traditional point type smoke detectors. A typical aspirating detection system is comprised of a number of pipes laid out above or below a ceiling in parallel runs, some meters apart. Small holes, also some meters apart, are drilled into each pipe to form a matrix of holes ('sampling points'), providing an even distribution across the ceiling. Air or smoke is drawn into the pipework through the holes and onward to a very sensitive smoke detector mounted nearby, using the suction pressure of an aspirator. For specific object or cabinet protection, the sampling points can be fed into and around the equipment with flexible capillary tubes. When high air-flow movement is presence in the protection area like data center or cleanrooms, the sampling points can be located in the return air path to intercept the smoke.

Actually the configuration of the sampling pipeworks and sampling points is very flexible. Compared with the traditional way to install point type smoke detector on the ceiling, the aspirating detection systems can be installed in any place where the fire or smoke presents.
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